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The Social Problem Of Child Abuse - 2093 Words

The social problem that I researched was child abuse. The term child abuse is defined as Any recent act or failure to act on the part of a parent or caretaker which results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse or exploitation; or An act or failure to act which presents an imminent risk of serious harm†(Child Welfare Information Gateway, 2013). Every state is responsible for providing its own definition of child abuse and neglect within the minimum standards set by CAPTA. â€Å"Most Federal and State child protection laws primarily refer to cases of harm to a child caused by parents or other caregivers; they generally do not include harm caused by other people, such as acquaintances or strangers. Some State laws also include a child’s witnessing of domestic violence as a form of abuse or neglect† (Child Welfare Information Gateway, 2013). Child abuse exists in many forms. Many states recognize the four major types of abuse: physical abuse, sex ual abuse, psychological/emotional abuse, and neglect. When most people think of child abuse, they usually think of physical abuse or sexual abuse. These two types are the most common and the easiest to detect due the physical signs. Physical abuse can range anywhere from minor bruises to death. Physical discipline, such as spanking or paddling, is not considered abuse as long as it is reasonable and causes no bodily injury to the child. Sexual abuse includes sexual activities done to a child or by a child toShow MoreRelatedThe Social Problem Of Child Abuse Essay1409 Words   |  6 Pagesare a variety of social issues that shape and make the world the way it is today. These social problems can either affect the economy, humans, and neighborhood communities ranging from local or national. One social problem that has increased among humans today is child abuse. Child abuse is the physical mistreatment of a child by a parent or caregiver who is held responsible for a child at their time of care. It can be physical, sexual, or psychological. These forms of abuse can happen in manyRead MoreChild Abuse Is A Social Problem977 Words   |  4 PagesWhen a child is abused or neglected, it not only affects them when they are children, but also affects them when they become functioning adults in society. A sociological social psychology perspective that can be applied to explain why child abuse happens which is the social structure and personality perspective. This perspective can also find a way to solve child abuse in the home. Child abuse is a social problem that has been happening for plenty of decades in our society and with the social structureRead MoreChild Abuse Is A Social Problem Essay2160 Words   |  9 Pages Child abuse is a social problem that continuously produces a wave of concern. The State of New Jersey Department of Children and Families explains that â€Å"Abuse is the physical, sexual or emotional harm or risk of harm to another child un der the age of 18 caused by a parent or other person who acts as a caregiver for the child† (2016). The harsh reality of child abuse and its consequences is recognized throughout this essay. The cost of child abuse can be understood through direct andRead MoreChild Abuse- Social Problems Essays870 Words   |  4 PagesSocial Problems Child Abuse Child abuse is the physical, sexual, emotional mistreatment, or neglect of children. In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or also known as CDC defines child abuse as any act or series of acts by a parent or other caregiver that could result in harm to a child. Most child abuse occurs in a childs home, but it could also be found within organizations, schools, or communities that the child interacts with. There are four majorRead MoreAnalysis Of Barbara Nelson s Book Making An Issue Of Child Abuse Political Agenda Setting For Social Problems Essay1556 Words   |  7 PagesThe social problems that face our country continuously surround our government. Politicians, although they attempt to avoid these issues are constantly in the eye of the public. Social problems can be determined as, â€Å"†¦some condition, set of events, or group of persons constitutes a troublesome situation that needs to be changed or ameliorated †. In Barbara J. Nelson ’s book Making an Issue of Child Abuse Political Agenda Setting for Social Problems, the author broke down the history of child abuseRead MoreThe Problem Of Child Abuse1134 Words   |  5 Pagesfollowing paper is about Child Abuse. This paper will look into the description of the problem, the policies that has helped solved the problem, involvement in resolving the problem, and person recommendations on changing the approach of the problem. Description of the Problem/History Child abuse is a form of any sexual activity that a child doesn’t give consent to. Whether it may be sexually or physically if the child is not mentally ready it is still a form of abuse. Child abuse also can lead to differentRead MoreThe Sociological Imagination And The Social Issue Of Child Abuse1492 Words   |  6 Pageswas a concept argued by C. Wright Mills was and still is a valuable tool to help people look at, understand and interpret their everyday lives and social world around them (in which they live). The argued perspective will be discussed through the use of the Sociological Imagination with the Personal Problem of Depression and the Social Issue of Child Abuse with what can be done to solve both of these ‘Dilemmas of Youth’. 2. 1. Sociological Imagination The Sociological Imagination is a form of criticalRead More Sociology: Identifying Social Problems Essay1671 Words   |  7 PagesIdentifying Social Problems The definition of a social problem varies greatly depending on whether an objectivist approach or a constructionist approach is taken. This is because sociologists that adopt these unique perspectives will differ in how they view the nature of a social problem. The objectivist definition of a social problem is perhaps more common sense because it suggests that the essence of social problems lies in objective social conditions and that some conditions areRead MoreEssay about Understanding and Preventing Child Abuse and Neglect1340 Words   |  6 PagesDave Pelzer, A Child Called It   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Child abuse, the physical and/or emotional abuse of a child by a parent, guardian, or other person, is a major problem in the United States. Child abuse, including sexual abuse, beating, and murder have increased and it is believed that many cases go unreported. Another for of child abuse is child neglect, which includes malnutrition, desertion, and inadequate care for a child.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Efforts have increased on the primary prevention of child abuse. This must beRead MoreChild Welfare Essay1260 Words   |  6 PagesEthics and Social Justice | HUM220 A02 Module 5, Assignment 1: Analyzing a Social Policy 6/2013 In the past, more importantly today, many social policies have been created by humans, and can therefore also be destroyed by them as well. Social policies were designed to resolve issues that are â€Å"considered important by a mass of voters, media, and political actors† (Argosy, 2013). Social policy are only the start of help for some, yet they aren’t always

Econ 1a free essay sample

C. Mexico and Brazil. D. Cuba and North Korea. 4. Of the following countries, which one best exhibits the characteristics of a market economy? A. Canada. B. Cuba. C. North Korea. D. China. 5. The French term laissez-faire means: A. there is no free lunch. B. let it be. C. circular flow. D. public ownership. 6. An economic system: A. requires a grouping of private markets linked to one another. B. is a particular set of institutional arrangements and a coordinating mechanism used to respond to the economizing problem. C. requires some sort of centralized authority (such as government) to oordinate economic activity. D. is a plan or scheme that allows a firm to make money at some other firms expense. 7. The term laissez-faire suggests that: A. land and other natural resources should be privately owned, but capital should be publicly owned. B. land and other natural resources should be publicly owned, but capital should be privately owned. C. government should not interfere with the operation of the economy. D. government action is necessary if the economy is to achieve full employment and full production. 8. Economic systems differ according to which two main characteristics? A. Who owns the factors of production, and the methods used to coordinate economic activity. B. The technology used in production, and the quantity and quality of natural resources. C. How goods are produced, and who gets them. D. The political system in place, and the degree of scarcity facing the economy. 9. Command systems are also known as: A. market systems. B. pure capitalism. C. laissez-faire capitalism. D. communism. 10. A fundamental difference between the command system and the market system is that, in command systems: A. the division of output is decided by central planning rather than by individuals operating freely through markets. B. all economic decisions are made by the government, whereas there is no government in a market system. C. scarcity does not exist, whereas it does in a market system. D. money is not used, whereas it is in a market system. 11. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the market system? A. private property. B. freedom of enterprise. C. government ownership of major industries. D. competition in product and resource markets. 12. Which of the following is a fundamental characteristic of the market system? A. property rights. B. central planning by government. C. unselfish behavior. D. government-set wages and prices. 3. Property rights are important because they: A. ensure an equal distribution of income. B. encourage cooperation by improving the chances of mutually agreeable transactions. C. guarantee that any exchange will make all parties better off than prior to the exchange. D. allow the government to control how resources are allocated. 14. Private property: A. discoura ges cooperation because people dont want to part with what they own. B. discourages innovation, as people are often afraid to risk losing their own property. C. encourages owners to maintain or improve their property, so as to preserve or enhance value. D. does everything indicated by the other answers. 15. Copyrights and trademarks are examples of: A. capital goods. B. human capital. C. property rights. D. public goods. 16. The regulatory mechanism of the market system is: A. self-interest. B. private property. C. competition. D. specialization. 17. Broadly defined, competition involves: A. private property and freedom of expression. B. independently acting buyers and sellers and freedom to enter or leave markets. C. increasing opportunity costs and diminishing marginal utility. D. capital goods and division of labor. 18. Competition means that: A. sellers can manipulate market price by causing product scarcities. B. there are independently-acting buyers and sellers in each market. C. a product can be purchased at a number of different prices. D. there is more than one seller in a market. 19. The division of labor means that: A. labor markets are geographically segmented. B. unskilled workers outnumber skilled workers. C. workers specialize in various production tasks. D. each worker performs a large number of tasks. 20. Specialization in production is important primarily because it: A. results in greater total output. B. llows society to avoid the coincidence-of-wants problem. C. allows society to trade by barter. D. allows society to have fewer capital goods. 21. Specialization-the division of labor-enhances productivity and efficiency by: A. allowing workers to take advantage of existing differences in their abilities and skills. B. avoiding the time loss involved in shifting from one production task to another. C. allowi ng workers to develop skills by working on one, or a limited number, of tasks. D. all of the means identified in the other answers. 22. Specialization in production is economically beneficial primarily because it: A. llows everyone to have a job which they like. B. permits the production of a larger output with fixed amounts of resources. C. facilitates trade by bartering. D. guarantees full employment. 23. On the basis of the above information it can be said that: A. no coincidence of wants exists between any two states. B. a coincidence of wants exists between Michigan and Washington. C. a coincidence of wants exists between Texas and Washington. D. a coincidence of wants exists between Michigan and Texas. 24. On the basis of the above information and assuming trade occurs between the three states we can expect: A. Washington to exchange apples with Texas and receive money in return. B. Washington to exchange apples with Michigan and receive money in return. C. Texas to exchange lettuce with Michigan and receive autos in return. D. Texas to trade lettuce directly for Washington apples. 25. Given the above information and assuming trade occurs between the three states we can expect: A. that there is no means by which Michigan can obtain lettuce while specializing in the production of autos. B. that money will not be needed to accomplish the desired exchanges. C. money to flow counterclockwise from Michigan to Texas to Washington. D. money to flow clockwise from Michigan to Washington to Texas. 26. Barter: A. is the major means of exchange in centrally planned economies. B. accounts for over 30 percent of the dollar volume of all exchange in the U. S. economy. C. entails the exchange of goods for goods. D. is used to circumvent the problem of a lack of coincidence of wants among potential buyers and sellers. 27. The coincidence of wants problem associated with barter refers to the fact that: A. for exchange to occur each seller must have a product that some buyer wants. B. money must be used as a medium of exchange or trade will never occur. C. specialization is restricted by the size or scope of a market. D. buyers in resource markets and sellers in product markets can never engage in exchange. 28. The use of money contributes to economic efficiency because: A. governmental direction of the production and distribution of output can be avoided by using money. B. roundabout production could not occur without the availability of money. C. it is necessary for the creation of capital goods. D. it promotes specialization by overcoming the problems with barter. 29. The presence of market failures implies that: A. oney is not an effective tool for exchange in a market system. B. there is an active role for government, even in a market system. C. individuals and firms should strive to be self-sufficient rather than specialize. D. command systems are superior to market systems in the allocation of resources. 30. Which of the following characteristics is least unique to a market system? A. private ownership of property resources B . competition among buyers and sellers pursuing monetary returns C. the widespread use of money D. freedom of enterprise and choice 31. Which of the following is one of the Five Fundamental Questions? A. Which products will be in scarce supply and which in excess supply? B. Who should appoint the head of the central bank? C. How much should society save? D. What goods and services will be produced? 32. If competitive industry Z is making substantial economic profit, output will: A. fall in industry Z, and firms will likely leave the market. B. fall in all industries except industry Z. C. expand in industry Z, as more resources will move to that industry. D. expand in industry Z, but no new firms will enter the market. 33. From societys point of view the economic function of profits and losses is to: A. romote the equal distribution of real assets and wealth. B. achieve full employment and price level stability. C. contribute to a more equal distribution of income. D. reallocate resources from less desired to more desired uses. 34. In a market economy a significant change in consumers desire for product X will: A. alter the profits or losses received by suppliers of product X. B. c ause a reallocation of scarce resources. C. cause some industries to expand and others to contract. D. do all of these. 35. Economic profits in an industry suggest the industry: A. can earn more profits by increasing product price. B. should be larger to better satisfy consumers desire for the product. C. has excess production capacity. D. is the size that consumers want it to be. 36. Economic profits and losses: A. are both considered by economists to be a part of production costs. B. are essential to the reallocation of resources from less desired to more desired goods. C. have no influence on the composition of domestic output. D. equalize the distribution of income in the long run. 37. If consumer desire for product X increases, all of the following will occur except: A. an increase in the profits of industry X. B. n increase in the quantity of resources employed by industry X. C. an increase in the output of industry X. D. a decrease in the quantity of resources employed in industry X. 38. An increase in consumer desire for strawberries is most likely to: A. increase the number of strawberry pickers needed by farmers. B. reduce the supply of strawberries. C. reduce the number of people willing to pick stra wberries. D. reduce the need for strawberry pickers. 39. If competitive industry Y is incurring substantial losses, output will: A. expand as resources move toward industry Y. B. contract as resources move toward industry Y. C. contract as resources move away from industry Y. D. expand as resources move away from industry Y. 40. The economic function of profits and losses is to: A. bring about a more equal distribution of income. B. signal that resources should be reallocated. C. eliminate small firms and reduce competition. D. tell government which industries need to be subsidized. 41. If a competitive industry is neither expanding nor contracting, we would expect: A. total revenue to be zero. B. economic profits to be zero. C. total opportunity cost to be zero. D. more resources to flow to that industry. 42. The competitive market system: A . encourages innovation because government provides tax breaks and subsidies to those who develop new products or new productive techniques. B. discourages innovation because it is difficult to acquire additional capital in the form of new machinery and equipment. C. discourages innovation because firms want to get all the profits possible from existing machinery and equipment. D. encourages innovation because successful innovators are rewarded with economic profits. 43. In a market economy the distribution of output will be determined primarily by: A. consumer needs and preferences. B. the quantities and prices of the resources that households supply. C. government regulations that provide a minimum income for all. D. a social consensus as to which distribution of income is most equitable. 44. The most efficient combination of resources in producing a given output is the combination that: A. comes closest to using the same quantities of land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurial ability. B. can be obtained for the smallest money outlay. C. uses the smallest total quantity of all resources. D. conserves most on the use of labor. 45. Firms are motivated to minimize production costs because: A. t is the most environmentally friendly way to produce goods. B. least-cost production techniques use the smallest total quantity of resources. C. competitive pressures in the market will drive out higher-cost producers. D. the government provides tax credits and subsidies to low-cost producers. Answer the next question(s) using the following data which show all available tech niques for producing 20 units of a particular commodity: 46. Refer to the above data. In view of the indicated resource prices, the economically most efficient production technique(s) is (are) technique(s): A. #1. B. #2 and #4. C. #3. D. #1 and #3. 47. Refer to the above data. Assuming that the firm is motivated by self-interest and that the 20 units which can be produced with each technique can be sold for $2 per unit, the firm will: A. realize an economic profit of $10. B. realize an economic profit of $4. C. not earn any economic profit. D. shutdown rather than incur a loss by producing. 48. Refer to the above data. If a new production technique is developed that enables a firm to produce 20 units of output with 3 units of land, 3 of labor, 1 of capital, and 2 of entrepreneurial ability, this technique would: A. not be adopted because, although it reduces production costs, it does not increase profit. B. be adopted because it would lower production costs and increase economic profit. C. not be adopted because it entails higher production costs than other available techniques. D. be adopted, even though economic profits would be reduced slightly. Answer the next question(s) on the basis of the following information: Suppose 30 units of product A can be produced by employing just labor and capital in the four ways shown below. Assume the prices of labor and capital are $2 and $3 respectively. 9. Refer to the above information. Which technique is economically most efficient in producing A? A. I B. II C. III D. IV 50. Refer to the above information. If the price of product A is $0. 50, the firm will realize: A. an economic profit of $4. B. an economic profit of $2. C. an economic profit of $6. D. a loss of $3. 51. In a competitive market economy firms select the least-cost production techniqu e because: A. such choices will result in full employment of available resources. B. to do so will maximize the firms profits. C. this will prevent new firms from entering the industry. D. dollar voting by consumers mandates such a choice. 52. The market systems answer to the fundamental question What will be produced? is essentially: A. Goods and services that are profitable. B. Low cost goods and services. C. Goods and service that can be produced using large amounts of capital. D. Goods and services that possess lasting value. 53. The market systems answer to the fundamental question How will the goods and services be produced? is essentially: A. With as much machinery as possible. B. Using the latest technology. C. By exploiting labor. D. Using the least-cost production techniques. 54. The market systems answer to the fundamental question Who will get the goods and services? is essentially: A. Those willing and able to pay for them. B. Those who physically produced them. C. Those who most need them. D. Those who get utility from them. 55. The market systems answer to the fundamental question How will the system accommodate change? is essentially: A. Through government leadership and direction. B. Through the guiding function of prices and the incentive function of profits. C. Through training and retraining programs. D. Through trial and error. 56. The market systems answer to the fundamental question How will the system promote progress? is essentially: A. Through government funded research programs. B. Through redistribution of income to promote greater equality. C. Through training and retraining programs. D. Through the profit potential that encourages development of new technology. 57. The advent of DVDs has virtually demolished the market for videocassettes. This is an example of: A. creative destruction. B. derived demand. C. apital accumulation. D. the difference between normal and economic profits. 58. Consumer sovereignty refers to the: A. fact that resource prices are higher than product prices in capitalistic economies. B. idea that the pursuit of self-interest is in the public interest. C. idea that the decisions of producers must ultimately conform to consumer demands. D. fact that a Federal agency exists to protect consumers from harmful and defective products. 59. The dollar votes of consumers ultimately determine the composition of output and the allocation of resources in a market economy. This statement best describes the concept of: A. derived demand. B. consumer sovereignty. C. the invisible hand. D. market failure. 60. Which of the following is not one of the five fundamental questions? A. What prices will be charged for goods and services? B. Who will get the goods and services? C. What goods and services will be produced? D. How will the system promote progress? 61. Consumer sovereignty means that: A. buyers can dictate the prices at which goods and services will be purchased. B. advertising is ineffective because consumers already know what they want. C. uyers control the quality of goods and services through regulatory agencies. D. buyers determine what will be produced based on their dollar votes for the goods and services offered by sellers. 62. Which of the following best describes the invisible-hand concept? A. The desires of resource suppliers and producers to further their own self-interest will automatically further the public interest. B. The non-substi tutability of resources creates a conflict between private and public interests and calls for government intervention. C. The market system is the best system for overcoming the scarce resources-unlimited wants problem. D. Central direction by the government will improve resource allocation in a capitalistic economy. 63. The invisible hand refers to the: A. fact that the U. S. tax system redistributes income from rich to poor. B. notion that, under competition, decisions motivated by self-interest promote the social interest. C. tendency of monopolistic sellers to raise prices above competitive levels. D. fact that government controls the functioning of the market system. 64. The invisible hand concept suggests that: A. market failures imply the need for a national economic plan. B. ig businesses are inherently more efficient than small businesses. C. the competitiveness of a capitalistic market economy invariably diminishes over time. D. assuming competition, private and public interests will coincide. 65. Two major virtues of the market system are that it: A. allocates resources efficiently and allows economic freedom. B. results in an equitable personal distribution of income and always maintains full employment. C. results in price level stability and a fair personal distribution of income. D. eliminates discrimination and minimizes environmental pollution. 66. The market system: A. produces considerable inefficiency in the use of scarce resources. B. effectively harnesses the incentives of workers and entrepreneurs. C. is not consistent with freedom of choice in the long run. D. has slowly lost ground to emerging command systems. 67. According to the concept of the invisible hand, if Susie opens and operates a profitable childcare center, then: A. government should regulate the business to ensure quality. B. the profit Susie earns indicates that she is overcharging for her services. C. she has served societys interests by providing a desired good or service. D. his demonstrates that consumer sovereignty is not present in this market. 68. The invisible hand promotes societys interests because: A. individuals pursuing their self-interest will try to produce goods and services that people in society want and are willing to purchase. B. individuals will produce goods for others out of concern for their fellow human beings. C. it makes sure that everyone wins fro m competition in the market. D. government regulation pushes business into producing the right mix of goods and services. 69. The coordination problem in the centrally planned economies refers to the idea that: A. lanners had to direct required inputs to each enterprise. B. the price level and the level of employment were inversely related. C. the immediate effect of more investment was less consumption. D. exports had to be equal to imports for a central plan to work. 70. Under central planning, some group has to decide how to get the necessary inputs produced in the right amounts and delivered to the right places at the right time. This is a nearly impossible task without markets and profits. This quotation best identifies the: A. incentive problem under central planning. B. oordination problem under central planning. C. self-sufficiency dilemma under communism. D. resource over-commitment problem under communism. 71. Because the outputs of many industries are the inputs to other industries, the failure of any single industry to fulfill the output quantities specified in the central plan caused a chain-reaction of adverse repercussions on production. This quotation best identifies the: A. incentive problem under central planning. B. self-sufficiency dilemma under communism. C. resource over-commitment problem under communism. D. coordination problem under central planning. 72. The incentive problem under communist central planning refers to the idea that: A. planners had to direct required inputs to each enterprise. B . workers, managers, and entrepreneurs could not personally gain by responding to shortages or surpluses or by introducing new and improved products. C. the immediate effect of more investment was less consumption. D. exports had to be equal to imports for a central plan to work. 73. Suppose that an individual sees a tremendous opportunity to produce and sell a new product, but dismisses the idea because there is no way to exploit this opportunity for personal gain. This situation best identifies the: A. coordination problem under communist central planning. B. self-sufficiency dilemma under communism. C. asymmetric information problem under communism. D. incentive problem under communist central planning. 74. Innovation lagged in the centrally planned economies because: A. there was too much domestic business competition. B. there was too much competition from foreign firms. C. enterprises resisted innovation in fear that their production targets would be raised. D. exports had to equal imports for the plan to work. 75. The fact that the major indicator of enterprise success in the Soviet Union and pre-reform China was the quantity of output implied that: A. product quality was neglected. B. production costs were minimized. C. product-mix met consumer needs. D. technological advance was too rapid. 76. Enterprise managers and workers in the Soviet Union often resisted innovations in production methods because: A. production targets were often increased when innovation occurred. B. there was a chronic shortage of computers. C. workers could not be reallocated geographically. D. innovations ordinarily increased dependence on world markets. 7. If products were in short or surplus supply in the Soviet Union: A. price and profit signals eliminated those shortages and surpluses. B. price and profit signals intensified those shortages and surpluses. C. producers would not react because no price or profit signals occurred. D. the planners would immediately adjust production to achieve equilibrium. 78. In wha t type of business do the owners bear no personal financial responsibility for the companys debts and obligations? A. Partnerships. B. Corporations. C. Sole proprietorships. D. In all of the businesses listed in the other answers. 9. The simple circular flow model shows that: A. households are on the buying side of both product and resource markets. B. businesses are on the selling side of both product and resource markets. C. households are on the selling side of the resource market and on the buying side of the product market. D. businesses are on the buying side of the product market and on the selling side of the resource market. 80. The two basic markets shown by the simple circular flow model are: A. capital goods and consumer goods. B. free and controlled. C. product and resource. D. household and business. 81. In the resource market: A. businesses borrow financial capital from households. B. businesses sell services to households. C. households sell resources to businesses. D. firms sell raw materials to households. 82. In the simple circular flow model: A. households are buyers of resources. B. businesses are sellers of final products. C. households are sellers of final products. D. there are real flows of goods, services, and resources, but not money flows. 83. Refer to the above diagram. Flow (1) represents: A. wage, rent, interest, and profit income. B. land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurial ability. C. goods and services. D. consumer expenditures. 84. Refer to the above diagram. Flow (2) represents: A. wage, rent, interest, and profit income. B. land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurial ability. C. goods and services. D. consumer expenditures. 85. Refer to the above diagram. Flow (3) represents: A. wage, rent, interest, and profit income. B. land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurial ability. C. goods and services. D. consumer expenditures. 86. Refer to the above diagram. Flow (4) represents: A. wage, rent, interest, and profit income. B. land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurial ability. C. oods and services. D. consumer expenditures. 87. In terms of the circular flow diagram, households make expenditures in the _____ market and receive income through the _____ market. A. product; financial B. resource; product C. product; resource D. capital; product 88. In terms of the circular flow diagram, businesses obtain revenue through the _____ market and make expenditures in the _____ market. A. product; financial B. resource; product C. product; resource D. capital; product 89. Households and businesses are: A. both buyers in the resource market. B. both sellers in the product market. C. ellers in the resource and product markets respectively. D. sellers in the product and resource markets respectively. 90. Refer to the above diagram. Arrows (1) and (2) represent: A. goods and resources respectively. B. money incomes and output respectively. C. output and money incomes respectively. D. resources and goods respectively. 91. Refer to the above diagram. Arrows (3) and (4) represent: A. goods and services respectively. B. incomes and consumer expenditures respectively. C. resources and goods respectively. D. consumer expenditures and income respectively. 92. Refer to the above diagram. Arrows (1) and (3) are associated with: A. the money market. B. the resource market. C. the product market. D. international trade. 93. Which of the following best illustrates the circular flow model in action? A. Bobbie goes to work and builds cars, and uses the income she receives to buy food at the grocery store. B. Evan buys a new couch; the owner of the furniture store uses some of the money from the sale to pay her supplier, and uses the rest to take her family out to dinner. C. Boeing experiences a surge in orders for new airplanes, prompting the company to hire more workers. D. All of these answers illustrate the workings of the circular flow model. 94. (Consider This) In 1975, McDonalds introduced its Egg McMuffin breakfast sandwich, which remains popular and profitable today. This longevity illustrates the idea of: A. opportunity cost. B. upsloping supply. C. consumer sovereignty. D. specialization. 95. (Consider This) In 2000, McDonalds introduced its McSalad Shaker, which failed to catch on with the public and was subsequently dropped from the menu. This failure illustrates the idea of: A. consumer sovereignty. B. technological change. C. downsloping demand. D. specialization. 6. (Consider This) Since World War II: A. North Koreas command economy has significantly outperformed South Koreas market economy. B. South Koreas command economy has significantly outperformed North Koreas market economy. C. North Koreas market economy has significantly outperformed South Koreas command economy. D. South Koreas market economy has significantly outperformed North Koreas command economy. 97. (Consider This) North Koreas command economy: A. is one of the few remaining command economies. B. has grown much faster than South Korea since the two countries were divided after World War II. C. produces a per capita GDP of nearly $25,000. D. has undergone significant market reforms and is now one of the fastest growing economies. 98. (Last Word) According to economist Donald Boudreaux, the worlds tens of billions of individual resources get arranged productively: A. because government has become highly effective at central planning. B. because private property encourages people to consider the alternative uses of their resources and select those that provide the most rewards. C. because people tend to be creative and orderly. D. through random trial and error. 99. Last Word) According to economist Donald Boudreaux: A. private property eliminates the possibility that resource arrangements will be random. B. the market system threatens to do irreparable harm to the worlds ecosystem. C. arranging resources under the market system is much like shuffling a deck of cards. D. the market system works wondrously for advanced industrial nations but not for developing nations. 100. Market economies use capital goods because they improve productive efficiency. True False 101. Money functions as a medium of exchange by eliminating the need for a coincidence of wants. True False 102. Consumer sovereignty means that legislation now protects the rights of consumers to dispose of their incomes as they see fit. True False 103. Specialization may expand total output even though the individuals involved may have identical abilities. True False 104. The wants of consumers are expressed in the product market with dollar votes. True False 105. Costs can be defined as total payments made to workers, land owners, and capital suppliers less payments to the entrepreneur for organizing and combining the other resources used to produce a good. True False 106. Continued losses in an industry will cause some firms to reduce output or eventually leave the industry. True False 107. The guiding function of prices tends to keep resources flowing toward their most highly valued uses. True False 108. The invisible hand refers to the many indirect controls that the Federal government imposes in a market system. True False 109. Central planning in the Soviet Union and pre-reform China emphasized the expansion of the production of consumer goods to raise the domestic standard of living. True False 110.

The Indian Boyhood by Dr. Charles Alexander Eastman Essay Example

The Indian Boyhood by Dr. Charles Alexander Eastman Essay American-born writer, physician and a reformer. He helped to reform the Senate-Sioux as well as the Anglo-American society. He is known for his active role in politics and fight for rights of the American Indian. He took a major role In founding the Boy Scouts of America among others Societies. He received the first Indian Achievement Award In 1933. His book, The Indian Boyhood, was published first In 1902. HIS other major books are From the Deep Woods of Civilization (1916) and The Soul of the Indian (1911). This research paper seeks to analyses Statesmans book, Indian Boyhood. The Indian Boyhood derives from Alcohols boyhood experiences In North America. It Is a recollection of his expressions and experiences form his early years up to 15 years (Eastman v). From this book, the reader discovers that Alyssa, being a motherless child, was raised by a grandmother, unchecked, who he describes as being save and very tough. From his birth, Choices was known by the name Hazard. The young boy spent a considerable amount of his time relating and communicating with nature (Kid 1 14). He particularly had an interest and related so well with birds and the red squirrel (Eastman 8). We will write a custom essay sample on The Indian Boyhood by Dr. Charles Alexander Eastman specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Indian Boyhood by Dr. Charles Alexander Eastman specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Indian Boyhood by Dr. Charles Alexander Eastman specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The grandmother always used to frighten him with stories of owls that abducted children. In the culture of the Sioux, human beings as well as certain animals were said to be helping in shaping the behavior of native children. For instance, the animals were believed to be giving gifts to the unborn children or giving them some unfortunate characters. Boys were taught hunting from an early age. The hunted animals were said to be friends that offer their bodies kindly for peoples sustenance (Eastman 50). The boys were taught to saw respect to these animals and to be like them (Eastman 54). Many other stories follow this one, but most of them explore animal proximity. Then there comes a story of the boy and his dog. The boy, Hazard, had to sacrifice his pet for his first offering as required by the custom. He is eight years then, but he fearlessly relinquishes the pet to the offering of the Great Mystery. By so doing, he proves his bravery and maturity that leads to change of his name from Hazard to Choices (Kid 104). In this book, Eastman uses a umber of tales that extend from hunting, war and educational to depict a relational and defused individual. Through the stories In this book, Eastman blends together traditional tales, songs and even ethnographically Information to bring out the true nature of his own life. He calls this the last events of the Indian existence. The book portrays lots of Statesmans own Endlessness rather than his own personality. He uses himself as a representation of what he calls the highest type of uncivilized man who Is upgraded to civilization through his education, religion and the need to leave the sat and embrace the present and future. The book Is a reminder to show him how far he has come. He uses the book to show how any Indian, especially in the American context, can choose to be dynamic then succeed in a country that is restrained by the U. S hegemony (Satanist 145). The book highlights that, though born in the American community, the author is vastly isolated from the white contact. This early life especially covering the period between the years 1858 to 1873. History has it that by the year 1858, most of the land belonging to the Dakota Sioux was being rendered to the white settlers by use of numerous treaties all done in exchange of limited food and money, which was usually delayed or was not paid at all (Kid 103). There is a violent encounter that happens in 1862 when Eastman was only 4 years old. This is the Sioux Uprising of 1862. There was starving because the Indian tribal land was lost. This was followed by the Sioux Massacre that involved violent resistance when the U. S government did a lot of injustice on the Dakota people. The Dakota were displaced by force, killed, and thousands imprisoned. This uprising impacted strongly on the life of Eastman. Most of the Dakota were pushed out of Minnesota. His father, Many Lightning, was imprisoned and sentenced to death, though he shockingly reappeared many years later (Satanist 145). This violent colonial conflict led to his isolated childhood, being brought up and educated by his grandmother, Unchecked and uncle, Mysterious Medicine. For a long time, the boy was absorbed in Dakota culture. A long time past before, the boys father, Many Lightning, returned to the shock of many. He told them how he had escaped death, got converted into Christianity and adopted the name Jacob Eastman, before moving o Christian Dakota settlement (Satanist 146). It can be argued that the title of the book, Indian boyhood, is concerned with Statesmans status. It alludes to him being a representative of the Indian. He uses the name Indian as opposed to Senate Dakota, Native or Sioux, to indicate its allusion to the pan-Indian Movement that he was actively involved in later. The name Indian represents the culture of the people, a means of separating them from the European and other Whites. As of such, the title Indian indicates the social forces that took place in moving the Natives to a elective Identity (Satanist 146). Eastman looks at himself as a spokesman of his people. He was very active in the Society of American Indians. He was also champion of the Dates Act that reshaped the Indian Identity which helped Indians to be proud in the race. In addition, in this book, Eastman provides ethnographic data on the Dakota. For instance, he describes the Maidens Feast Ritual. It is important to note here that Eastman has nothing to do with this event, he was not personally involved. This is a Dakota Social festival where the virginity of maidens and women is declared and confirmed by the community. It involves a girl coming to a red-painted rock with arrows stuck upright into the ground and taking an oath of purity while young men provoke her. The aim of this practice is to instill the value of chastity in the girls. According to Eastman, this ritual supports the Christian virtue of chastity. The Dakota people use this ritual to mould their young women become good members of the society. By so doing, they support Christians though they do not know it. In his narration, Eastman uses both first and third person narration techniques to bring a sense of representative or communal status (Satanist 147). Through his naming rituals, Eastman uses allegory to explore a potential dramatic change. For the Dakota people, names reflect ones achievements in the past, future desires or family connections. At his birth, Eastman was given the name Hazard meaning the pitiful last (it was a pity as he was the youngest of the five children who were soon left without a mother) (Eastman 4). The name Hazard was changed four years later game called Lacrosse (Eastman 201:38-39). This name connects his victory in the traditional set up as well as his future success (Satanist 2007 149). Even after hanging his name later to Charles Eastman, he goes on to use the name Choices to show his identity among the society of the whites. He identifies himself as Charles Alexander Eastman (Choices) in titles pages of all his books to blend the English and Dakota languages. His names also serve as allegorical indicators for the potential change of the people. He was born at a time considered to be the end of his tribal existence; he believed that the shameful remnants of once proud and uncivilized individuals could change into winners in the World of the Whites. He kept his name Choices to remember his own change and his conviction that the Indians have the capability of becoming winners in America (Satanist 150). Two events contribute greatly to changes that take place in Eastman. The first one is the Sioux Uprising followed by the Wounded Knee Massacre, where more than 200 Sioux, majority of them being women and children were murdered by American Cavalry. They both contribute towards his transformation from innocence to experience. They also hint at the pain he foreshadows on the future of Indian nations (Satanist 150). From this book, we learn that women are admirable and very important for survival. For instance, upon the death of his mother, Eastman is given to his grandmother to care for him and ensure that he grows up in a proper way. We also learn that this book is not so much about an individual but more of collective labor and celebrations of a community. From his early age, Eastman is trained how to survive and be a responsible man in the society (Microchip 120). He is trained to differentiate between barks of different trees, bird calls, hunting methods for different animals, he is tested in fasting, running for many days, looking for water in the night forest as well as steering his emotions. He exhibits his final skill during the offering to the Great Mystery by sacrificing his beloved dog Aitkin. The eight-year old is very inventive. He sacrifices his dog but omits the part that involves consuming it because that will offend the American readers. The book ends with Eastman coming to light about the existence of his long dead father and brother. In all his writings, Eastman stresses on Christianity and its real potential. For him, Christianity is a harmonize force in modernization. It also serves to remind Indians of the relationship between their ultra values and Christianity (Microchip 121). His books also stress on the hope of the Indian success in modern America as well as the role played by indigenous literature. He emphasizes how Indians should apply moderation in their loyalty to tradition and their exploitation of opportunities arising from the dominant culture (Microchip 116). Christianity has a possibility of uniting diverse peoples under the shade of one faith. He ridicules whites for their failure to practice what they preached and the Indians for resisting to take in the values of Christianity (Microchip 17).